Genealogy Trivia Questions and Answers

From what once removed counts to why the 1890 census is missing, in five rounds of family history.

See all 64 with answers
Half cousins are the children of half-siblings. How many grandparents do they share?

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Unofficial practice questions, not affiliated with any school, exam board or quiz show. Bank checked October 9, 2026.

All 64 questions with answers

Cousins, removes and kin 13

  • About how long is one generation generally considered to be? Answer: 20 to 30 years. Source: Wikipedia: Generation
  • Cousins whose mothers are sisters, or whose fathers are brothers, are which kind of cousins? Answer: Parallel cousins. Source: Wikipedia: Cousin
  • Half cousins are the children of half-siblings. How many grandparents do they share? Answer: One. Source: Wikipedia: Cousin
  • Half-siblings who share a mother but have different fathers are known by which name? Answer: Uterine siblings. Source: Wikipedia: Sibling
  • In "first cousin once removed", what does "removed" count? Answer: A difference in generations. Source: Wikipedia: Cousin
  • In law and medicine, a first cousin counts as which degree of relative? Answer: Third-degree. Source: Wikipedia: Cousin
  • Most people have eight great-grandparents. The child of two first cousins has no more than how many? Answer: Six. Source: Wikipedia: Pedigree collapse
  • Two brothers marry two sisters. What are the children of the two couples to each other? Answer: Double first cousins. Source: Wikipedia: Cousin
  • What is a "kissing cousin"? Answer: A distant relative you know well enough to greet with a kiss. Source: Wikipedia: Cousin
  • What is a cousin-german? Answer: A first cousin with no removes. Source: Wikipedia: Cousin
  • What is primogeniture? Answer: The right of the firstborn to inherit. Source: Wikipedia: Primogeniture
  • What is the grandchild of your first cousin to you? Answer: A first cousin twice removed. Source: Wikipedia: Cousin
  • The word sibling dropped out of English after 1425 and came back in 1903. It returned as a translation of a word from which language? Answer: German. Source: Wikipedia: Sibling

Where surnames come from 13

  • An old French-Canadian record names a man "Guillet dit Tourangeau". What does dit mean? Answer: Called. Source: Wikipedia: Dit name
  • By about which year had most English families taken up hereditary surnames? Answer: 1400. Source: Wikipedia: Surname
  • In Greece, the daughter of a man called Papadopoulos will likely carry which surname? Answer: Papadopoulou. Source: Wikipedia: Surname
  • In Iceland a last name usually comes from a parent's first name. Which ending marks a daughter? Answer: -dóttir. Source: Wikipedia: Icelandic name
  • In Iceland, who must approve a first name that has not been used in the country before? Answer: A naming committee. Source: Wikipedia: Icelandic name
  • In old Welsh names, which word linked a woman to her father, as "daughter of"? Answer: Ferch. Source: Wikipedia: Welsh surnames
  • In the British tradition, why was a double-barrelled surname usually taken? Answer: To keep alive a family name about to die out. Source: Wikipedia: Double-barrelled name
  • The most common surnames of modern Wales, such as Jones, Roberts and Edwards, were all made in the same way. How? Answer: By adding an s to a first name. Source: Wikipedia: Welsh surnames
  • On a record, what does née before a surname tell you? Answer: It was her surname at birth. Source: Wikipedia: Birth name
  • On American forms and records, what do the letters N.M.N. stand for? Answer: No middle name. Source: Wikipedia: Middle name
  • Smith and Baker are obvious examples of which kind of surname? Answer: Occupational. Source: Wikipedia: Surname
  • The surname Short did not always go to a short man. What may it have been instead? Answer: An ironic nickname for a tall one. Source: Wikipedia: Surname
  • What is the study of proper names, family names among them, called? Answer: Onomastics. Source: Wikipedia: Surname

Census, registers and old records 13

  • A version of Soundex was used in the 1930s to index which records? Answer: United States censuses. Source: Wikipedia: Soundex
  • Birth certificates, marriage certificates and death certificates are together known as what? Answer: Vital records. Source: Wikipedia: Vital record
  • Family historians find a gap where the United States census of 1890 should be. What happened to most of its records? Answer: They were lost after a fire in 1921. Source: Wikipedia: 1890 United States census
  • For how many years are the individual records of a United States census sealed by law? Answer: 72. Source: Wikipedia: United States census
  • From 1530 to 1688 officers of arms toured England to check who had the right to a coat of arms. What were the tours called? Answer: Visitations. Source: Wikipedia: Heraldic visitation
  • In 1538 every parish in England was ordered to keep a register of baptisms, marriages and burials. Who gave the order? Answer: Thomas Cromwell. Source: Wikipedia: Parish register
  • In genealogy, what makes a record a primary source? Answer: It was made when the event happened. Source: Wikipedia: Genealogy
  • The order of 1538 said the parish register must be kept in a "sure coffer". How many locks was the coffer to have? Answer: Two. Source: Wikipedia: Parish register
  • Since the Census Act of 1790, the United States census has counted each person at a "usual residence". What is that? Answer: Where the person lives and sleeps for most of the time. Source: Wikipedia: United States census
  • Soundex files surnames by how they sound, so that small differences in spelling do not matter. What does a Soundex code look like? Answer: A letter and three digits. Source: Wikipedia: Soundex
  • What are bishop's transcripts? Answer: Yearly copies of a parish's register entries. Source: Wikipedia: Parish register
  • Who carried out the first nine censuses of the United States, from 1790 to 1870? Answer: U.S. Marshals. Source: Wikipedia: United States census
  • The word census comes from the Latin censere. What does censere mean? Answer: To assess. Source: Wikipedia: Census

Family trees, charts and numbers 13

  • Ahnentafel is a German word for a numbered list of ancestors. What does it mean? Answer: Ancestor table. Source: Wikipedia: Ahnentafel
  • Around 1360 an Italian writer drew up family trees of the classical gods. Who was he? Answer: Boccaccio. Source: Wikipedia: Family tree
  • Counting two parents for each person, about how many ancestor places does a tree hold 30 generations back? Answer: About a billion. Source: Wikipedia: Pedigree collapse
  • In an ahnentafel the subject is number 1. Which number does the subject's mother get? Answer: 3. Source: Wikipedia: Ahnentafel
  • In an ahnentafel, how do you find the number of any person's father? Answer: Double the person's number. Source: Wikipedia: Ahnentafel
  • The longest family tree in the world, at more than 80 generations, belongs to which philosopher? Answer: Confucius. Source: Wikipedia: Family tree
  • On a standard pedigree chart, which shape stands for a female? Answer: A circle. Source: Wikipedia: Pedigree chart
  • What is a family tree called when it also maps relationships and patterns, for use in medicine and social work? Answer: A genogram. Source: Wikipedia: Genogram
  • When relatives marry, a family tree has fewer distinct ancestors than it has places. What is that called? Answer: Pedigree collapse. Source: Wikipedia: Pedigree collapse
  • Which chart starts from one person and shows everyone who came after? Answer: A descendant chart. Source: Wikipedia: Family tree
  • Which chromosome passes only from father to son, so that it can follow the male line of a family? Answer: The Y chromosome. Source: Wikipedia: Y chromosome
  • Which family chart is a half circle of rings, with the subject in the middle and each ring split in two again? Answer: A fan chart. Source: Wikipedia: Family tree
  • The word pedigree comes from pé de grue in Anglo-Norman French. What does that mean? Answer: Crane's foot. Source: Wikipedia: Pedigree chart

Words on wills, graves and arms 12

  • A record says that an ancestor died intestate. What does that mean? Answer: Without a valid will. Source: Wikipedia: Intestacy
  • An heirloom is handed down through a family. What did "loom" first mean? Answer: A tool. Source: Wikipedia: Heirloom
  • Genealogy comes from an Ancient Greek word. What did the Greek word mean? Answer: The making of a pedigree. Source: Wikipedia: Genealogy
  • In a will, who is the executor? Answer: The person named to manage the estate. Source: Wikipedia: Will and testament
  • In heraldry, a full achievement of arms has a shield, supporters, a motto and what else? Answer: A crest. Source: Wikipedia: Coat of arms
  • Some graves of the 18th century had a footstone as well as a headstone. What did a footstone usually carry? Answer: The initials and the year of death. Source: Wikipedia: Gravestone
  • What does a one-name study follow? Answer: A single surname. Source: Wikipedia: Genealogy
  • What happens to a will in probate? Answer: It is proved in court. Source: Wikipedia: Probate
  • What is a holographic will? Answer: One written in the handwriting of the person making it. Source: Wikipedia: Will and testament
  • What is an epitaph? Answer: A short text honoring a person who has died. Source: Wikipedia: Epitaph
  • Which kind of society admits only people who can show descent from a particular person or group? Answer: A lineage society. Source: Wikipedia: Family history society
  • Why does English law say "will and testament" when either word would do? Answer: Old English and Law French were once used side by side. Source: Wikipedia: Will and testament

How it works

What does the removed in once removed count, and what do the letters N.M.N. mean on an old form? These genealogy trivia questions and answers are about how a family is traced, with the source linked beside each answer.

Read the full guide

Genealogy trivia questions for a family history society

Cousins, removes and kin untangles removes, double cousins and half cousins. Where surnames come from runs from Smith and Baker to Iceland, Wales and old French Canada. Census, registers and old records asks how long census pages stay sealed and who ordered the parish registers.

Charts and the words on old papers

Family trees, charts and numbers covers the ahnentafel, the fan chart and pedigree collapse. Words on wills, graves and arms is for anyone who has read an old will: intestate, executor, probate and epitaph.

  • At a family reunion, play Cousins, removes and kin with the family tree on the table.

Questions and answers

What are some easy genealogy trivia questions?

What does née before a surname tell you? Which shape stands for a female on a pedigree chart? What are birth, marriage and death certificates called together? The answers are her surname at birth, a circle and vital records.

What does first cousin once removed mean?

Removed counts a difference in generations. Your first cousin's child is your first cousin once removed, and so is your parent's first cousin. With no remove stated, the two cousins are of the same generation.

Why is the 1890 census missing?

Most of its records were lost after a fire in the Commerce Department building in Washington on January 10, 1921. The loss led to loud calls for a permanent National Archives.

How were the answers checked?

Each was read on October 9, 2026 in the English Wikipedia article linked beside it: 33 articles, Cousin the most used. Living people, firms that sell DNA tests and head counts that a new census changes were left out.