Psychology Trivia Questions, From Pavlov's Dogs to the Bobo Doll

Five rounds of 22 on the experiments, people and ideas that built psychology: history only, no self-tests.

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What did Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk's visual cliff of 1960 test in babies and young animals?

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Famous experiments 22

  • As a graduate student at Harvard, B. F. Skinner built a chamber in which an animal works a lever to earn food. What is it usually called? Answer: A Skinner box. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 6.3 Operant Conditioning; Wikipedia: Operant conditioning chamber
  • Clever Hans amazed crowds in Germany in the early 1900s by seeming to do arithmetic. What was Hans? Answer: A horse. Source: Wikipedia: Clever Hans
  • During the Second World War, B. F. Skinner trained which birds to steer a guided bomb by pecking at a target? Answer: Pigeons. Source: Wikipedia: Project Pigeon
  • Edward Thorndike timed animals escaping from puzzle boxes and drew his law of effect from the results. Which animals did he mainly use? Answer: Cats. Source: Wikipedia: Edward Thorndike
  • Harry Harlow gave baby rhesus monkeys two stand-in mothers, one of bare wire and one covered in soft cloth. What did the babies do? Answer: Clung to the cloth mother, even when only the wire one gave milk. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 9.3 Stages of Development; Wikipedia: Harry Harlow
  • The Hawthorne effect, in which people change how they act because they are being watched, is named after what? Answer: A Western Electric factory near Chicago. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 13.1 What Is Industrial and Organizational Psychology?; Wikipedia: Hawthorne effect
  • In 1920 John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner published a study of a baby taught to fear a white rat. By what name is the baby known? Answer: Little Albert. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 6.2 Classical Conditioning; Wikipedia: Little Albert experiment
  • In a 1959 study by Leon Festinger and Merrill Carlsmith, students were paid to tell the next person that a dull task was interesting. Which group later rated the task most positively? Answer: Those paid 1 dollar. Source: Wikipedia: Cognitive dissonance
  • In a 1974 study by Elizabeth Loftus and John Palmer, people watched a film of a traffic accident. A week later, those who had been asked about cars that smashed into each other more often remembered what that was never in the film? Answer: Broken glass. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 8.3 Problems with Memory; Wikipedia: Reconstructive memory
  • In a well-known study by Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabris, viewers busy counting basketball passes often failed to notice what walking through the scene? Answer: A person in a gorilla suit. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 5.1 Sensation versus Perception; Wikipedia: Inattentional blindness
  • In Albert Bandura's studies of the early 1960s, children watched an adult hit an inflatable toy and then copied what they had seen. What was the toy? Answer: A Bobo doll. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 6.4 Observational Learning (Modeling); Wikipedia: Bobo doll experiment
  • In Ivan Pavlov's famous experiments, what did dogs learn to do at a signal that had been paired with food? Answer: Salivate. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 6.2 Classical Conditioning; Wikipedia: Classical conditioning
  • In Solomon Asch's conformity experiments of the 1950s, what simple task were the groups given? Answer: Matching the length of lines. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 12.4 Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience; Wikipedia: Asch conformity experiments
  • In the Stanford marshmallow experiment, what did a child earn by waiting alone without eating the treat? Answer: A second treat. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 11.4 Learning Approaches; Wikipedia: Stanford marshmallow experiment
  • Leon Festinger's 1956 book When Prophecy Fails followed what kind of group? Answer: A small group that believed the world was about to end. Source: Wikipedia: When Prophecy Fails
  • Norman Triplett's 1898 study has been called the first experiment in social psychology. What had he noticed? Answer: Cyclists rode faster against others than alone. Source: Wikipedia: Norman Triplett
  • The Robbers Cave experiment of 1954 studied conflict between two groups of boys. Where did it take place? Answer: A summer camp in Oklahoma. Source: Wikipedia: Realistic conflict theory
  • The Stanford prison experiment of 1971 was planned to last two weeks. On which day was it stopped? Answer: The sixth. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 12.2 Self-presentation; Wikipedia: Stanford prison experiment
  • Stanley Milgram's experiments at Yale, begun in 1961, measured how far people would go in doing what? Answer: Obeying an authority figure. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 12.4 Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience; Wikipedia: Milgram experiment
  • Stanley Milgram's small-world experiment of the 1960s asked people to pass a letter toward a stranger through people they knew. Which famous phrase is it linked to? Answer: Six degrees of separation. Source: Wikipedia: Small-world experiment
  • What did Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk's visual cliff of 1960 test in babies and young animals? Answer: Depth perception. Source: Wikipedia: Visual cliff
  • Wolfgang Köhler studied problem solving in chimpanzees during the 1910s and argued that they showed insight. On which island was his research station? Answer: Tenerife. Source: Wikipedia: Wolfgang Köhler

People and dates 22

  • After John B. Watson left Johns Hopkins University in 1920, which line of work did he take up? Answer: Advertising. Source: Wikipedia: John B. Watson
  • Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon brought out the first practical intelligence test in 1905. In which country? Answer: France. Source: Wikipedia: Alfred Binet
  • Carl Jung, a close ally of Freud before the two fell out, came from which country? Answer: Switzerland. Source: Wikipedia: Carl Jung
  • Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist, won a Nobel Prize in 2002. In which field was it awarded? Answer: Economic sciences. Source: Wikipedia: Daniel Kahneman
  • Francis Galton, who made the phrase nature versus nurture popular, was a half-cousin of which famous scientist? Answer: Charles Darwin. Source: Wikipedia: Francis Galton
  • Francis Sumner, who in 1920 became the first African American to earn a doctorate in psychology, went on to lead the psychology department at which university? Answer: Howard University. Source: Wikipedia: Francis Cecil Sumner
  • In 1909 Sigmund Freud crossed the Atlantic to give five lectures in the United States. Which university had invited him? Answer: Clark University. Source: Wikipedia: Sigmund Freud
  • In which city did Sigmund Freud live and work for most of his life, until he left in 1938? Answer: Vienna. Source: Wikipedia: Sigmund Freud
  • Ivan Pavlov won a Nobel Prize in 1904. What was the prize-winning work about? Answer: How digestion works. Source: Wikipedia: Ivan Pavlov
  • Ivan Pavlov, known for his conditioning studies with dogs, worked in which country? Answer: Russia. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 6.2 Classical Conditioning; Wikipedia: Ivan Pavlov
  • Jean Piaget described four stages in how children's thinking develops. Which comes first, starting at birth? Answer: Sensorimotor. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 9.2 Lifespan Theories; Wikipedia: Piaget's theory of cognitive development
  • Kenneth and Mamie Clark's experiments of the 1940s on children's attitudes about race became part of the evidence in the cases behind Brown v. Board of Education. What did the children in the studies choose between? Answer: Dolls. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 1.2 History of Psychology; Wikipedia: Kenneth and Mamie Clark
  • Mary Whiton Calkins became the first woman president of the American Psychological Association in 1905. What had Harvard refused her? Answer: The doctorate she had earned. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 1.2 History of Psychology; Wikipedia: Mary Whiton Calkins
  • Stanley Milgram and Philip Zimbardo ran two of the best-known studies in social psychology. What did they have in common as teenagers? Answer: They went to the same high school in the Bronx. Source: Wikipedia: Stanley Milgram
  • Which American wrote The Principles of Psychology, a two-volume work published in 1890? Answer: William James. Source: Wikipedia: The Principles of Psychology
  • Which behaviorist wrote the 1948 novel Walden Two, about a community run on the principles of his science? Answer: B. F. Skinner. Source: Wikipedia: Walden Two
  • Which book by Freud came out in 1899 but carried the date 1900? Answer: The Interpretation of Dreams. Source: Wikipedia: The Interpretation of Dreams
  • Which book did Charles Darwin publish in 1872 on how feelings show in the faces and bodies of people and animals? Answer: The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 1.3 Contemporary Psychology; Wikipedia: The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
  • Which daughter of Sigmund Freud became a leading figure in the psychoanalytic study of children? Answer: Anna Freud. Source: Wikipedia: Anna Freud
  • Which psychoanalyst described eight stages of life and coined the phrase identity crisis? Answer: Erik Erikson. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 11.3 Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, and Horney; Wikipedia: Erik Erikson
  • Wilhelm Wundt opened what is usually called the first laboratory for psychological research in 1879. In which German city? Answer: Leipzig. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 1.2 History of Psychology; Wikipedia: Wilhelm Wundt
  • William James, often called the father of American psychology, was the brother of which novelist? Answer: Henry James. Source: Wikipedia: William James

Schools of thought 22

  • A large project led by Brian Nosek repeated 100 psychology studies published in 2008 to see whether the results held up. About what share of the repeats found a significant result again? Answer: A little over a third. Source: Wikipedia: Reproducibility Project
  • Alfred Adler split from Freud's circle in 1911 and founded his own school, known for the idea of the inferiority complex. What did he call it? Answer: Individual psychology. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 11.3 Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, and Horney; Wikipedia: Alfred Adler
  • An ancient theory, passed down from Greek medicine, sorted people into four temperaments. Which of these was NOT one of them? Answer: Stoic. Source: Wikipedia: Four temperaments
  • The Belmont Report of 1978 set out principles for research with human subjects in the United States. Which of these is one of its three core principles? Answer: Respect for persons. Source: Wikipedia: Belmont Report
  • Franz Mesmer claimed to work through an invisible force he called animal magnetism. A French royal commission tested the claim in 1784 and found no evidence of the force. Which American sat on it? Answer: Benjamin Franklin. Source: Wikipedia: Franz Mesmer
  • Functionalism asked what the mind is for rather than what it is made of. Whose theory did it lean on? Answer: Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 1.2 History of Psychology; Wikipedia: Functional psychology
  • Gestalt psychology was founded in the early 20th century. What does the German word Gestalt roughly mean? Answer: Pattern or form. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 5.6 Gestalt Principles of Perception; Wikipedia: Gestalt psychology
  • Humanistic psychology was set up as a third force in the 1950s. Which two schools was it answering? Answer: Psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 11.5 Humanistic Approaches; Wikipedia: Humanistic psychology
  • In Freud's model of the mind, which part works on the pleasure principle and wants its wishes met at once? Answer: The id. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 11.2 Freud and the Psychodynamic Perspective; Wikipedia: Id, ego and superego
  • The intellectual movement that began in the 1950s as a study of the mind and its processes, drawing on several fields at once, is known as what? Answer: The cognitive revolution. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 1.2 History of Psychology; Wikipedia: Cognitive revolution
  • John Locke argued that the mind at birth has no built-in ideas. Which Latin phrase for blank slate is tied to this view? Answer: Tabula rasa. Source: Wikipedia: Tabula rasa
  • Max Wertheimer's 1912 study of the phi phenomenon is taken as the birth of Gestalt psychology. What kind of illusion is it? Answer: Seeing motion when two still lights flash in turn. Source: Wikipedia: Phi phenomenon
  • Phrenology, developed by Franz Joseph Gall in 1796, claimed to read character from what? Answer: The bumps on a person's skull. Source: Wikipedia: Phrenology
  • Positive psychology, the study of what makes life go well, took off in 1998 when which psychologist made it the theme of his term as head of the American Psychological Association? Answer: Martin Seligman. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 14.5 The Pursuit of Happiness; Wikipedia: Positive psychology
  • René Descartes held that mind and body are two different kinds of thing. What is this view called? Answer: Dualism. Source: Wikipedia: Mind–body dualism
  • Structuralism, the school of Wundt's student Edward Titchener, relied on trained observers reporting their own sensations and thoughts. What is this method called? Answer: Introspection. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 1.2 History of Psychology; Wikipedia: Structuralism (psychology)
  • Which Greek letter is widely used as the symbol of psychology? Answer: Psi. Source: Wikipedia: Psi (Greek)
  • Which need sits at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs in its best-known five-level form? Answer: Self-actualization. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 10.1 Motivation; Wikipedia: Maslow's hierarchy of needs
  • Which school did Carl Jung found after his break with Freud? Answer: Analytical psychology. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 11.3 Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, and Horney; Wikipedia: Analytical psychology
  • Which school of thought did John B. Watson launch with a 1913 address at Columbia University, sometimes called its manifesto? Answer: Behaviorism. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 1.2 History of Psychology; Wikipedia: John B. Watson
  • Which work by Aristotle, known in Latin as De Anima, sorts living things by the powers of their souls? Answer: On the Soul. Source: Wikipedia: On the Soul
  • The word psychology comes from the Greek word psyche. What did psyche mean? Answer: Soul or spirit. Source: Wikipedia: Psychology

Memory, learning and perception 22

  • Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch proposed a model of working memory in 1974. What did they call the part that directs attention and controls the rest? Answer: The central executive. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 8.1 How Memory Functions; Wikipedia: Baddeley's model of working memory
  • Being quizzed on material helps people remember it better than reading it again. What do researchers call this? Answer: The testing effect. Source: Wikipedia: Testing effect
  • Bluma Zeigarnik reported in 1927 that people remember one kind of task better than another. Which kind sticks? Answer: Tasks left unfinished or interrupted. Source: Wikipedia: Zeigarnik effect
  • Colin Cherry studied in 1953 how we can follow one voice in a noisy room yet still catch our own name from across it. What is this called? Answer: The cocktail party effect. Source: Wikipedia: Cocktail party effect
  • Frederic Bartlett's 1932 book Remembering showed that people reshape a story each time they retell it. Which Native American folk tale did his English readers retell? Answer: The War of the Ghosts. Source: Wikipedia: Frederic Bartlett
  • The full Moon looks huge on the horizon and smaller high in the sky. What do measurements of its size in the sky show? Answer: It stays the same size. Source: Wikipedia: Moon illusion
  • George Miller's 1956 paper on the limits of short-term memory has a famous number in its title. Which number? Answer: Seven. Source: Wikipedia: The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
  • In 1972 Endel Tulving drew a line between memory for general facts and memory for events in one's own life. What did he call the second kind? Answer: Episodic memory. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 8.1 How Memory Functions; Wikipedia: Episodic memory
  • In 1977 Roger Brown and James Kulik named the vivid memories people keep of where they were when they heard shocking news. What did they call them? Answer: Flashbulb memories. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 8.2 Parts of the Brain Involved with Memory; Wikipedia: Flashbulb memory
  • In a well-known 1975 study by Godden and Baddeley, people recalled word lists best in the place where they had learned them. Who were the volunteers? Answer: Divers, tested under water and on land. Source: Wikipedia: Context-dependent memory
  • In an Ames room, what seems to happen to a person who walks from one corner to the other? Answer: They appear to grow or shrink. Source: Wikipedia: Ames room
  • In Pavlov's terms, what is it called when a learned response fades because the signal keeps coming without the food? Answer: Extinction. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 6.2 Classical Conditioning; Wikipedia: Extinction (psychology)
  • In the McGurk effect, reported in 1976, what changes the speech sound a listener hears? Answer: Watching lips that are forming a different sound. Source: Wikipedia: McGurk effect
  • In the Müller-Lyer illusion of 1889, two lines of equal length look unequal. What is drawn on their ends? Answer: Arrowheads pointing in or out. Source: Wikipedia: Müller-Lyer illusion
  • In the Stroop test, first published in English in 1935, people are slow to name the ink color of a word when the word itself spells what? Answer: A different color. Source: Wikipedia: Stroop effect
  • The Necker cube, first published in 1832, is a plain line drawing of a see-through cube. What makes it a famous illusion? Answer: It can be seen facing either of two ways. Source: Wikipedia: Necker cube
  • People tend to recall the first and last items of a list better than those in the middle. What is this called? Answer: The serial-position effect. Source: Wikipedia: Serial-position effect
  • Rubin's vase, developed by the Danish psychologist Edgar Rubin around 1915, can be seen either as a vase or as what? Answer: Two faces in profile. Source: Wikipedia: Rubin vase
  • Seeing a face in a cloud, a car grille or the surface of the moon is an example of what? Answer: Pareidolia. Source: Wikipedia: Pareidolia
  • Shown a spiky shape and a rounded blob, most people agree on which of two made-up names belongs to the spiky one. Which name? Answer: Kiki. Source: Wikipedia: Bouba/kiki effect
  • Study sessions spread over days beat one long cram for lasting recall. What is this finding called? Answer: The spacing effect. Source: Wikipedia: Spacing effect
  • What did Hermann Ebbinghaus memorize in the experiments that led him to the forgetting curve? Answer: Nonsense syllables. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 8.3 Problems with Memory; Wikipedia: Hermann Ebbinghaus

Terms and who coined them 22

  • The advertising executive Alex Osborn popularized group sessions for thinking up ideas with no criticism allowed. What are they called? Answer: Brainstorming. Source: Wikipedia: Brainstorming
  • B. F. Skinner is often called the father of which kind of learning, in which behavior is shaped by its consequences? Answer: Operant conditioning. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 6.3 Operant Conditioning; Wikipedia: Operant conditioning
  • Baruch Fischhoff studied it in the 1970s: the feeling, once an outcome is known, that one knew it all along. What is it called? Answer: Hindsight bias. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 8.3 Problems with Memory; Wikipedia: Hindsight bias
  • Bertram Forer gave each of his students the same vague personality sketch in 1948, and most rated it a good description of themselves. After which showman is the effect named? Answer: P. T. Barnum. Source: Wikipedia: Barnum effect
  • By 1896 Sigmund Freud was using a new word for his method. It became the name of his school of thought. What is it? Answer: Psychoanalysis. Source: Wikipedia: Sigmund Freud
  • Carl Jung's 1921 book Psychological Types set out which pair of opposite attitudes? Answer: Extraversion and introversion. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 11.3 Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, and Horney; Wikipedia: Psychological Types
  • Edward Thorndike named the halo effect in 1920 after studying how which people rated those under them? Answer: Army officers rating their soldiers. Source: Wikipedia: Halo effect
  • The German psychologist William Stern coined a term in 1912 that English shortens to two letters. Which two? Answer: IQ. Source: Wikipedia: Intelligence quotient
  • In 1970 the Japanese robotics professor Masahiro Mori named the uneasy feeling people get from a robot or doll that looks almost, but not quite, human. What did he call it? Answer: The uncanny valley. Source: Wikipedia: Uncanny valley
  • In 1999 two psychologists reported that people who do badly on a test of a skill tend to overrate how well they did. Whose names does the effect carry? Answer: Dunning and Kruger. Source: Wikipedia: Dunning–Kruger effect
  • In a study by Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, people's estimates were pulled toward a number that had just come up on a spun wheel. What is this bias called? Answer: Anchoring. Source: Wikipedia: Anchoring effect
  • In Peter Wason's 1960 experiment on how people test a rule, volunteers had to discover the rule behind three numbers. Which numbers did he give them? Answer: 2, 4, 6. Source: Wikipedia: Confirmation bias
  • Irving Janis made groupthink a research topic in 1972, but William H. Whyte had coined the word twenty years earlier. Which novel's vocabulary was it modeled on? Answer: George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four. Source: Wikipedia: Groupthink
  • Jean Piaget used which term for a baby's grasp that a toy still exists after it is hidden under a blanket? Answer: Object permanence. Source: Wikipedia: Object permanence
  • Lev Vygotsky's best-known term describes the gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with help. What is it called? Answer: The zone of proximal development. Source: Wikipedia: Zone of proximal development
  • Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi named the state of being so absorbed in a task that the sense of time changes. What one-word name did he give it? Answer: Flow. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 14.5 The Pursuit of Happiness; Wikipedia: Flow (psychology)
  • Mnemonic, the word for any trick that aids recall, is related to the name Mnemosyne. Who was she in Greek myth? Answer: The goddess of memory. Source: Wikipedia: Mnemonic
  • The phrase pecking order came out of a study of rank among which animals? Answer: Chickens. Source: Wikipedia: Pecking order
  • Saying one word when you meant another, in a way that seems to give away a hidden thought, is known as what kind of slip? Answer: A Freudian slip. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 11.2 Freud and the Psychodynamic Perspective; Wikipedia: Freudian slip
  • Walter Cannon of Harvard coined a phrase for the body's instant reaction to a threat. What is it? Answer: Fight or flight. Source: OpenStax Psychology 2e: 14.1 What Is Stress?; Wikipedia: Walter Bradford Cannon
  • What does the French term déjà vu mean in English? Answer: Already seen. Source: Wikipedia: Déjà vu
  • The word hypnosis comes from the name Hypnos. In Greek myth, Hypnos was the personification of what? Answer: Sleep. Source: Wikipedia: Hypnos

How it works

On which day was the Stanford prison experiment stopped, and what kind of animal was Clever Hans? These 110 psychology trivia questions stick to history and famous experiments. Choose an answer and read what the researchers did.

Read the full guide

Run a psychology club night

Set Start from to one round for 22 questions. Read each question and its choices aloud, let teams write a letter, then tap a choice and read out the explanation, which names the researcher, the year and the result. Score on paper, since the card keeps no team totals. Open with Famous experiments, the stories people half remember. Memory, learning and perception has the most hard questions.

Print a review game for an intro course

After a set of the chosen round, Print lists its questions, and a tick on With answer key adds the reasons. The bank is fetched after the page opens, so print before you go offline. People and dates and Schools of thought cover the history unit: Wundt, James, Freud, behaviorism, Gestalt and the cognitive revolution.

  • Some classic findings here have been disputed since. The questions ask what was done and reported, which makes a good debate once the round ends.
  • Missed collects every question you got wrong and lets one go when you get it right. Handy the night before an exam.
  • Studying as a group? Share this set opens the same questions in the same order on every phone, so you can compare answers.

Questions and answers

What are some good psychology trivia questions?

Three from this set: what did Pavlov's dogs learn to do at a signal, which inflatable toy did children copy an adult hitting in Albert Bandura's studies, and what does the German word Gestalt mean? Each comes with four choices and an explained answer.

Are the questions easy or hard?

Both. Of the 110, 23 are easy, such as the city where Sigmund Freud worked. Another 62 are medium, and 25 are hard, such as the three numbers Peter Wason handed volunteers in 1960. No round is all one level.

Does the quiz cover disorders or say anything about my personality?

No. It is a history quiz: experiments, researchers, schools of thought and where terms came from. Conditions, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are left out on purpose, and no question reads anything into the answer you pick.

Can I use it to review for an intro psychology exam?

For the history unit, yes: who did what, where and when. Forty-one answers link the section of the free OpenStax Psychology 2e textbook that states them; the rest link the Wikipedia article read on September 19, 2026. It skips the brain, statistics and clinical topics.